lRuins of Siddharthal Taxila

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Tax­i­la is the most impor­tant Bud­dhist sites in Pak­istan hous­ing about 50 arche­o­log­i­cal remains from the 2nd cen­tu­ry BC to 6th cen­tu­ry AD. Tax­i­la was dis­cov­ered in 1911 — 1922 by Sir Joh Mar­shal who has been regard­ed as the dis­cov­er­er of many oth­er arche­o­log­i­cal sites includ­ing the Indus Cvi­liza­tion’s Moen Jo Daro & Har­rap­pa.

Tax­i­la is sit­u­at­ed 40 Kilo­me­ters away from Islam­abad and Rawalpin­di. As one dri­ves to Peshawar on grand Trunk road just after Mar­gala pass there is a sign of Tax­i­la Remains on the right.

The arche­o­log­i­cal sites of Tax­i­la include build­ings and bud­dhist stu­pas from 5th cen­turey to 6th cen­tu­ry AD. The main ruins of Tax­i­la are divid­ed into three major cities, each belong­ing to a dis­tinct time peri­od.

The old­est of these is the Hathial area, which yield­ed sur­face shards sim­i­lar to bur­nished red wares (or ‘soapy red wares’) recov­ered from ear­ly phas­es at Charsad­da, and may date between the 6th cen­tu­ry BCE and the late 2nd mil­len­ni­um BCE. Bhir Mound dates from the 6th cen­tu­ry BCE. The sec­ond city of Tax­i­la is locat­ed at Sirkap and was built by Gre­co-Bac­tri­an kings in the 2nd cen­tu­ry BCE. The third and last city of Tax­i­la is at Sir­sukh and relates to the Kushan kings.

In addi­tion to the ruins of the city, a num­ber of Bud­dhist monas­ter­ies and stu­pas also belong to the Tax­i­la area. Some of the impor­tant ruins of this cat­e­go­ry include the ruins of the stu­pa at Dhar­mara­ji­ka, the monastery at Jau­lian, the monastery at Mohra Muradu in addi­tion to a num­ber of stu­pas.

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